Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 143 Download : 197

Main Article Content

Abstract

Advanced information and communication technology have triggered an evolution in human activities in response to the threat of a disaster. Through appropriate disaster management, damage and loss can be anticipated. The research employed a qualitative descriptive technique to analyze humanitarian actors' roles in responding to the threat of natural or non-natural disasters by integrating technology. The information was gathered through library research and in-depth interviews with various stakeholders involved in disaster management in Indonesia. The results showed that innovation-based disaster management for three stages (pre, during, and post-disaster) has opened Indonesia's humanitarian spaces. First, the pre-disaster phase includes mitigation and preparedness. It emphasizes several elements, including preparedness data, citizen reporting, crisis mapping, the Internet of Things, Artificial Intelligence, and data visualization through video, virtual reality, and innovative financing. Second, during a disaster, the response focuses on utilizing humanitarian ID, biometrics, 3D printing, drones, cash transfer programming, monitoring, and evaluation. Third, post-disaster efforts include area reconstruction and risk reduction through the use of smart city and educational technologies.

Keywords

Disaster Disaster Management Digital Humanitarian Indonesia

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author Biographies

Hidayat Chusnul Chotimah, Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta

International Relations

Tiffany Setyo Pratiwi, Universitas Teknologi Yogyakarta

International Relations

References

  1. Akhmatova, D.-M., & Akhmatova, M.-S. (2020). Promoting digital humanitarian action in protecting human rights: hope or hype. Journal of International Humanitarian Action, 5(6), 1–7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41018-020-00076-2
  2. Arifin, D. (2020). Indonesia gunakan fasilitas obrolan elektronik chatbot Covid-19 melalui WhatsApp. BNPB. https://bnpb.go.id/berita/indonesia-gunakan-fasilitas-obrolan-elektronik-chatbot-covid19-melalui-whatsapp-
  3. Avila, A., & Herlina, R. (2020). The Existence of The Volunteers of The Indonesian Humanitarian Committee in Delivering Information on Prevention and Handling Covid-19. Sengkuni Journal - Social Sciences and Humanities, 1(1), 110–116.
  4. Badri, M. (2018). Sistem Komunikasi Dalam Pembangunan Sosial Pasca Bencana. Jurnal Risalah, 29(1), 66–80. https://doi.org/10.24014/jdr.v29i1.6574
  5. Bahfein, S. (2020, September 24). BMKG Manfaatkan IoT dalam Mendeteksi Tsunami, Begini Cara Kerjanya. https://properti.kompas.com/read/2020/09/24/120000621/bmkg-manfaatkan-iot-dalam-mendeteksi-tsunami-begini-cara-kerjanya
  6. Berawi, M. A. (2018). The role of technology in building a resilient city: Managing natural disasters. International Journal of Technology, 9(5), 862–865. https://doi.org/10.14716/ijtech.v9i5.2530
  7. Biro Kerja Sama Hukum dan Humas LIPI. (2019). Pengurangan Risiko Bencana melalui Teknologi dan Pendidikan Siaga Bencana. http://lipi.go.id/siaranpress/pengurangan-risiko-bencana-melalui-teknologi-dan-pendidikan-siaga-bencana/21443
  8. BNPB. (2014). Rencana Nasional Penanggulangan Bencana 2015-2019. BNPB. https://www.bnpb.go.id//uploads/renas/1/BUKU RENAS PB.pdf
  9. BNPB. (2020). Info Bencana September 2020. https://arcg.is/nGyr10
  10. Burns, R. (2018). Synergizing geoweb and digital humanitarian research. In J. Thatcher, J. Eckert, & A. Shears (Eds.), Thinking Big Data in Geography: New Regimes, New Research (Issue July, pp. 214–228). University of Nebraska Press. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt21h4z6m.16
  11. Center for Digital Society (CfDS) UGM. (2020). Technology and Disaster Mitigation in Indonesia. https://cfds.fisipol.ugm.ac.id/2020/09/23/technology-and-disaster-mitigation-in-indonesia/
  12. Chernobrov, D. (2018). Digital Volunteer Networks and Humanitarian Crisis Reporting. Digital Journalism, 6(7), 928–944. https://doi.org/10.1080/21670811.2018.1462666
  13. Duffield, M. (2016). The resilience of the ruins: towards a critique of digital humanitarianism. Resilience, 4(3), 147–165. https://doi.org/10.1080/21693293.2016.1153772
  14. European Union. (2019). Technological innovation for humanitarian aid and assistance (Issue May). Scientific Foresight Unit (STOA). http://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank
  15. Fechter, A. M., & Schwittay, A. (2019). Citizen aid: grassroots interventions in development and humanitarianism. Third World Quarterly, 40(10), 1769–1780. https://doi.org/10.1080/01436597.2019.1656062
  16. Fillah, A. S., Ishartono, I., & Fedryansyah, M. (2016). Program Penanggulangan Bencana Oleh Disaster Management Center (Dmc) Dompet Dhuafa. Prosiding Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat, 3(2), 155–291. https://doi.org/10.24198/jppm.v3i2.13648
  17. Harianhaluan.com. (n.d.). Padang menuju kota cerdas. Retrieved November 4, 2020, from https://pronewsfm.com/padang-menuju-kota-cerdas/
  18. Hedman, E.-L. (2005). Permainan politik dalam respons tsunami. Forced Migration Review. www.fmreview.org
  19. Heijmans, A. (2004). From Vulnerability to Empowerment. In G. Bankoff, G. Frerks, & D. Hilhorst (Eds.), Mapping Vulnerability: Disasters, Development and People (pp. 67–83). Earthscan. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781849771924
  20. Hilhorst, D. (2018). Classical humanitarianism and resilience humanitarianism: making sense of two brands of humanitarian action. Journal of International Humanitarian Action, 3(15), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.1186/s41018-018-0043-6
  21. Holloway, K., Al Masri, R., & Yahia, A. A. (2021). Digital identity, biometrics, and inclusion in humanitarian responses to refugee crises (HPG Working Paper, Issue October).
  22. IndoTelko. (2018). Telkom tawarkan konsep “Smart City” berbasis mitigasi bencana. https://www.indotelko.com/read/1534122824/telkom-smart-city-bencana
  23. Interview with Asih Kushartati, BPBD Sleman, August 29, 2020.
  24. Interview with Rahmawati Husein, MDMC, August 29, 2020.
  25. Kartoza, & Climate Centre. (2020). Forecast Based Financing with InaSAFE: Final Report.
  26. Lune, H., & Berg, B. L. (2017). Methods for the Social Sciences Global Edition (Global edi). Pearson Education Limited.
  27. Madianou, M. (2019). Technocolonialism: Digital Innovation and Data Practices in the Humanitarian Response to Refugee Crises. Social Media and Society, July-Sep, 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305119863146
  28. Oktaviani, J., Sari, S., & Akbar, T. H. (2019). Mekanisme Penanggulangan Bencana Alam Oleh Palang Merah Indonesia (PMI) Kabupaten Bandung. Jurnal Academia Praja, 2(02), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.36859/jap.v2i02.120
  29. Ong, J. C., & Combinido, P. (2018). Local aid workers in the digital humanitarian project: between “second class citizens” and “entrepreneurial survivors.” Critical Asian Studies, 50(1), 86–102. https://doi.org/10.1080/14672715.2017.1401937
  30. Parangtritis Geomaritime Science Park. (2016). Model 3D: Teknologi Tanggap Bencana Longsor untuk Landasan Kebijakan Pasca Bencana 30. https://pgsp.big.go.id/model-3d-teknologi-tanggap-bencana-longsor-untuk-landasan-kebijakan-pasca-bencana/
  31. Petabencana. (2021). As Jakarta floods again, humanitarian chatbots on social media support community-led disaster response.
  32. Picucci, E. V. (2017). What Makes Technology Humanitarian? (pp. 6–8). S. Rajaratnam School of International Studies.
  33. Prasetiyo, E. E., & Suroso, I. (2018). Analisis Pemetaan Daerah Rawan Banjir Dan Longsor Dengan Drone Type Multicopter Di Somangari Kecamatan Kaligesing Kabupaten Purworejo. Teknika STTKD: Jurnal Teknik, Elektronik, Engine, 5(2, Desember), 5–15.
  34. Pratama, P. (2010). Manajemen Bencana Internasional: Tinjauan Historis dan Tantangan Bagi Indonesia. Global, 10(1), 1–16. taffnew.uny.ac.id/upload/198503272014042001/pendidikan/MANAJEMEN BENCANA pdf.pdf
  35. Pujiono, Prasetyo, A. B., Septikasari, Z., Silviana, M., & Syahroeddin, H. (2021). Inclusive Humanitarian System and Landscape in Indonesia (Issue April).
  36. Riyandi, R. (2016, May 25). UGM Buat Aplikasi Pascabencana. Republika, 5/5.
  37. Rosyadi, M. I. (2019). Deretan Daerah yang Mau Jadi Smart City soal Mitigasi Bencana. Detikinet. https://inet.detik.com/cyberlife/d-4398339/deretan-daerah-yang-mau-jadi-smart-city-soal-mitigasi-bencana
  38. Rosyidin, M. (2016). Intervensi Kemanusiaan dalam Studi Hubungan Internasional: Perdebatan Realis Versus Konstruktivis. Jurnal Global & Strategis, 10(1), 55–73. https://doi.org/10.20473/jgs.10.1.2016.55-73
  39. Ryan, B. J., Canyon, D., Burkle, F. M., Campbell, J. R., Bhatia, S., Li, W.-S., & Chen, K.-H. (2018). The rationale for Involving the Private Sector in Humanitarian assistance and disaster relief in the Indo-Pacific. (National Disaster Prevention and Rescue Science and Technology Center Disaster Prevention and Rescue Electronic Newsletter), 11.
  40. Sinulingga, A. A. (2016). Isu Bencana dan Prinsip-Prinsip Humanitarian Dalam Studi Ilmu Hubungan Internasional. Andalas Journal of International Studies, 5(1), 17–27.
  41. Slavin, A., Putz, F., & Korkmaz, E. E. (2021). Digital identity: an analysis for the humanitarian sector (Issue May).
  42. smartcity.jakarta.go.id. (2016). Aplikasi yang Dikembangkan untuk Menghadapi Ancaman Bencana Alam. Jakarta Smart City. https://smartcity.jakarta.go.id/blog/212/aplikasi-yang-dikembangkan-untuk-menghadapi-ancaman-bencana-alam
  43. Syamsuddin, A. (2019). Pentingnya Industri Pertahanan dalam Sistem Pertahanan Negara. WIRA: Media Informasi Kementerian Pertahanan, 3, 16–23.
  44. tempo.co. (2019). Smart City Dassault Systemes Tawarkan Solusi 3D Mitigasi Bencana. Koran Tempo. https://tekno.tempo.co/read/1168220/smart-city-dassault-systemes-tawarkan-solusi-3d-mitigasi-bencana
  45. Tiba, Z. (2016, October 6). Maksimalisasi Penggunaan Drone untuk Penanggulangan Bencana. https://www.benarnews.org/indonesian/berita/drone-penanggulangan-bencana-10062016152716.html
  46. Ulum, M. C. (2014). Manajemen Bencana: Suatu Pengantar Pendekatan Proaktif. Universitas Brawijaya Press.
  47. Wibowo, A. (2020). Penanggulangan bencana dalam genggaman. In Seminar Online: Transformasi Digital Pada Bidang Bisnis Dan Layanan Kemanusiaan.
  48. Wijaya, A. R., & Susandi, A. (2018). Konsep Forecast-Based-Financing untuk Pertanian Presisi di Indonesia. Seminar Nasional Sains Dan Teknologi 2018 Fakultas Teknik Universitas Muhammadiyah Jakarta, 17 Oktober, 1–11.