Main Article Content
Abstract
COVID-19 changed our cotemporary world, the way we work and the way we travel. The latter is a major challenge for countries that are heavily dependent on tourism, and Croatia is one of those countries with the largest tourism share of the total gross domestic product (GDP) in Europe - 25% in pre-pandemic times (2019 data). In the last two years, travel for tourism has decreased - both due to restrictions and due to people’s fear of coronavirus infection. Therefore, under the influence of the health crisis posed by pandemic, there is an increasingly relevant sense of health safety that can be considered as a prerequisite for the success of tourism destination. This paper aims to research and analyze the concept of “safe space” and its creation in pandemic conditions where the application of health and security protocols is expected, and on the example of the Republic of Croatia to evaluate the efforts and possible effect of undertaken measures. The research design is based on quantitative-qualitative desktop analysis of pandemic-related processes and key data which evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the tourism sector from several stakeholders’ perspectives - consumer and service provider. The result of this research shows that the perception of a safe space has a positive impact on the tourist interest in the COVID-19 pandemic, which confirms the need for the tourism sector to adapt to the new security risks posed by the pandemic.
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References
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- Yin, R.K. (2007). Case Study Research. Translated by N. Blanusa. Zagreb: Faculty of Political Science
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References
Anderson, D. (2001). Destination Management. In: J. Jafari (Ed.), Encyclopedia of Tourism. New York: Routledge.
Baldigara, T. (2020). Analysis of the Impact of Information and Communication Technologies on Foreign Tourism in the Republic of Croatia. Oeconomica Jadertina, 10 (1), 31-44. Zadar: University of Zadar.
Croatian Bureau of Statistics. (2022). Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Socioeconomic Indicators. Retrieved from https://www.dzs.hr/Hrv/Covid-19/turizam-dolasci_i_nocenja.html
Caldarovic, O (1994). Social Theory and Risks. Croatian Sociological Review, 25 (3/4), 213-226. https://doi.org/10.5613/rzs
Corak, S., Boranic Zivoder, S., Marusic, Z. (2020). Opportunities for Tourism Recovery and Development during and after COVID-19: Views of Tourism Scholars versus Tourism Practitioners. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 68 (4), 434-449. https://doi.org/10.37741/t.68.4.5
Djurkin-Konig, L., Ostijic, A, Delic, A, Mihaljevic, B. (2020). Corporate Security in the Environment of the COVID-19 Pandemic. Zagreb: Business school for integrated security and development.
Goreta, M. (2021). This Season, Security is most Wanted of tourists "Goods“. Retrieved from https://slobodnadalmacija.hr/dalmacija/obala/ove-szone-sigurnost-je-najtrazenija-turisticka-roba-doznajemo-koliko-iznajmljivaca-na-podrucju-sdz-nosi-oznaku-safe-stay-in-croatia-te-sto-sve-inspektori-provjeravaju-1106634
Gottdiener, M. (2019). New Urban Sociology. In A.M. Orum (Ed.), The Wiley Blackwell Encyclopedia of Urban and Regional Studies, 1-5. New York: John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Government of the Republic of Croatia. (2020). In June, 210 Percent More Entries to Croatia than in May. Retrieved from https://vlada.gov.hr/vijesti/u-lipnju-210-posto-vise-ulazaka-u-hrvatsku-u-odnosu-na-svibanj/29905
Grzinic, J., Sucic Cevra, M. (2020). Global Pandemic and Tourism – The Attitudes of Tourist Intermediaries, In J. Grzinic, V. Bevanda (Eds.), Tourist Development and Impacts on Destination (pp. 165-189). Pula: Juraj Dobrila University of Pula
Gunter, U., Onder, I. (2016). Forecasting City Arrivals with Google Analytics. Annals of Tourism Research, 61, 199-212.
Hina. (2021). Croatia will be among First Countries to Welcome Tourists, World Tourism Organization head says. Retrieved from https://www.croatiaweek.com/croatia-will-be-among-first-countries-to-welcome-tourists-world-tourism-organisation-head-says/
Croatian Radio Television. (2021). Last Summer's Hit, Hit of this Season as Well: Czech trains will come to the Adriatic. Retrieved from. https://vijesti.hrt.hr/gospodarstvo/iz-ceske-i-za-ovo-ljeto-planirani-turisticki-vlakovi-441061
Index. (2021). Ryanair connects Zagreb with 24 European Cities. Retrieved from https://www.index.hr/vijesti/clanak/ryanair-spaja-zagreb-s-24-europska-grada-evo-koja/2305427.aspx
Institute for Tourism. (2017). Attitudes and Consumption of Tourists in Croatia - TOMAS Summer 2017. Zagreb: Institute for Tourism. Retrieved from https://www.htz.hr/sites/default/files/2019-07/Tomas-Ljeto-2017-Stavovi-i-potrosnja-turista-u-Hrvatskoj.pdf
Karantzavelou, V. (2020). Re-starting tourism amid the pandemic: Croatia an Example in Europe. Retrieved from https://www.traveldailynews.com/post/re-starting-tourism-amid-the-pandemic-croatia-an-example-in-europe
Klaric, Z. (2020). Spreading COVID-19 in the World: Impact on Croatian Tourism. Zagreb: Institute for Tourism. Retrieved from http://www.iztzg.hr/UserFiles/file/novosti/2020/COVID-19%20radovi/Klari%C4%87-Z_2020.pdf
Kolodziej, E.A. (2011). Security and International Relations. Zagreb: Political Culture - Center for International and Security Studies, Faculty of Political Science.
Magas, D. (2000). Development of Croatian Tourism: The Concept of long-term Development, Rijeka: Adamic.
Maslow, A. H. (1943). A Theory of Human Motivation. Psychological Review, 50(4), 370–396. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0054346
Matakovic, H. (2020). COVID-19 Crisis, Implementation of Security Measures and Tourism. Zagreb: Institute for tourism. Retrieved from http://www.iztzg.hr/files/file/RADOVI/2020/COVID-19/Matakovi%C4%87-H_2020.pdf
Mikac, R., Kravarscan, K. (2021). Croatian Tourism Sector and Crisis Management - A Case Study Related to the COVID-19 Pandemic. Tourism: An International Interdisciplinary Journal, 69(4), 611-629. https://doi.org/10.37741/t.69.4.9
Mikac, R., Darmastuti, A. (2021). Creation and Visualization of a Safe Space: A Comparative Analysis of the Cities of Split and Badar Lampung. In M. Zorko (Ed.), Communicating about security and creation of space in a networked world. (pp. 99-123). Zagreb: Faculty of Political Science
Ministry of Tourism and Sport. (2021a). Google Launches Platform to Help Croatia's Tourism Sector, Retrieved from https://mint.gov.hr/news-11455/google-launches-platform-to-help-croatia-s-tourism-sector/22546
Ministry of Tourism and Sport (2021b). Instructions for Vaccinating Employees in the Tourism Sector, Retrieved from https://mint.gov.hr/vijesti/aktualno-upute-za-cijepljenje-djelatnika-u-sektoru-turizma/22399
Poljak, D. (2021). Crisis Management of Finances in the Tourism Sector of the Republic of Croatia during the Global Pandemic COVID-19. Finance and Law, 9 (1), 93-107. Retrieved from https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/379223
Rahimic, Z. (2020). The Contribution of Strategic Management to the Sustainable Competitive Advantage of a Tourist Destination. In J. Grzinic, V. Bevanda (Eds.), Tourist Development and Impacts on Destination (pp. 85-115). Pula: Juraj Dobrila University of Pula.
Rodrigues, M., Cvelbar, L., Lozzi, G., Teoh, T., Ramos, C., Antonucci, B., Marcucci, E., Gatta, V. (2021). Research for TRAN Committee – Relaunching transport and tourism in the EU after COVID-19. Brussels: European Parliament, Policy Department for Structural and Cohesion Policies. Retrieved from https://www.europarl.europa.eu/thinktank/en/document/IPOL_STU(2021)652235
Rogulj, D. (2020). Croatian Tourism Association Corona Tracker A Hit Among European Tourists. Retrieved from https://www.total-croatia-news.com/travel/45382-croatian-tourism-association?fbclid=IwAR3lkvpqG95thumdQN8Cm7cF1TGdQK0RvlBDN1OITyvw8zgJYYCnLjRuSyIc
Stic, D., Grgic, I., Zrakic Susac, M. (2021). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Tourism with Special Reference to the Republic of Croatia. Proceedings of XXI International online conference of International University Travnik (pp. 168-174). Travnik, Bosnia, and Herzegovina: International University Travnik. Retrieved from https://drive.google.com/file/d/10cwqpc8dD2hvGFHKQ9hgA7nfOoRY-4Ex/view
Tatalovic. S., Malnar, D. (2021). The COVID-19 Pandemic and a New Understanding of Security. Croatian Political Science Review, 58 (3), 132-156. https://doi.org/10.20901/pm.58.3.05
UNWTO. (2018). Overtourism’? – Understanding and Managing Urban Tourism Growth beyond Perceptions. Madrid: World Tourism Organization. https://doi.org/10.18111/9789284420070
Weber, S., Mikacic, V. (2004). Fundamentals of Tourism, Zagreb: Skolska knjiga.
Wolfers, A. (1952). “National Security" as an Ambiguous Symbol. Political Science Quarterly, 67 (4), 481-502. Retrieved from http://www.jstor.org/stable/2145138
Yin, R.K. (2007). Case Study Research. Translated by N. Blanusa. Zagreb: Faculty of Political Science
Zorko, M., Jakopovic, H., Cesarec. I. (2021). The Image of Geolocations in a Virtual Environment: the Case Studies of Indonesia and Croatia on Google Trends. Croatian Political Science Review, 58 (2), 160-183. https://doi.org/10.20901/pm.58.2.07