Main Article Content
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic as a global crisis with significant consequences has caused numerous disruptions in the regular functioning of life, business processes, dynamics, and ways of working. The consequences created only in human losses are extremely high and the recession in which countries have entered, during which many companies have gone bankrupt. This crisis has shown that the world is not ready or able to solve global crises, and the response to the COVID-19 pandemic was primarily states' responses to crisis what should account for the urgency of the situation in short, medium and long-term phases. Therefore, it is necessary to research how states responded to the crisis and compare their activities and results. The reactions of countries within the same region can be assumed to be very similar because the crisis circumstances were almost the same. The research interest of this paper has been expressed according to the analysis of policy responses of Indonesia, Mexico, and Croatia. The research design is based on a quantitative-qualitative framework consisting of a desk-top analysis of available secondary data sources, crisis management theory, case study theory approach, and, cross-national analysis approach analyzing Indonesia, Mexico, Croatia the COVID-19 state pandemic preparedness and response policy.
Keywords
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References
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- Anshori, M. F. (2020). Diplomasi Digital Sebagai Dampak Pandemi Global Covid-19: Studi Kasus Diplomasi Indonesia Di Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (Pbb). Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, 3(1), 100-119.
- Bautista-Gonzalez, E., Werner-Sunderland, J., Perez-Duarte Mendiola, P. Esquinca-Enriquez-de-la-Fuente, C. J., Bautista-Reyes, D., Maciel-Gutierrez, M. F., Murguia-Arechiga, I., Vindrola-Padros, C., Urbina-Fuentes, M. (2021). Health-care guidelines and policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico: A case of health-inequalities, Health Policy OPEN, Vol 2. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpopen.2020.100025
- Barrientos-Gutierrez, T., Alpuche-Aranda, C., Lazcano-Ponce, E., Perez-Ferrer, C., Rivera-Dommarco, J. (2020). La salud publica en la primera ola: una agenda para la cooperacion ante Covid-19. Salud Publica Mex. 2020; 62: 598-606. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.21149/11606
- Basedau, M., Kollner, P. (2007). Area Studies and Comparative Area Studies: A Primer on Recent Debates and Methodological Challenges, Japan aktuell, Journal of Current Japanese Affairs, Vol 15, 2/2017.
- Burnham, P., Gilland, K., Grant, W., Layton-Henry, Z. (2006 [2004]). Metode istrazivanja politike, Zagreb: Fakultet politickih znanosti (In the original: Research Methods in Politics, New York: Palgrave Macmillan)
- b92 (2022). Bill Gates warns: Prepare for worse. Retrieved from https://www.b92.net/eng/news/world.php?yyyy=2022&mm=01&dd=21&nav_id=112860
- Collins, T. (2014). Health policy analysis: a simple tool for policy makers. Public Health, Journal of the Royal Institute of the Public Health, 119, 192–196. Retrieved from https://residency-scal-kaiserpermanente.org/healthpolicyelective/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2018/05/GW-Health-Policy-Analysis-Framework.pdf
- CROSBI (2022). Browse by COVID-19 thematic. Retrieved from https://www.bib.irb.hr/pregled/COVID-19
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- Delanova, M. (2021). Health Diplomacy as an Instrument of Indonesian Foreign Policy. Journal Of Global Strategic Studies, 1(2), 78-91.
- Economist (2022). The pandemic’s true death toll (11 March 2022). Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/coronavirus-excess-deaths-estimates
- Economist (2022). Omicron comes to Mexico, a place that never really shut down. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2022/01/22/omicron-comes-to-mexico-a-place-that-never-really-shut-down
- Escudero, X., Guarner, J., Galindo-Fraga, A., Escudero-Salamanca, M., Alcocer-Gamba, M. A., Del-Rio, C. (2020). La pandemia de Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): Situacion actual e implicaciones para Mexico / The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Coronavirus pandemic: current situation and implications for Mexico, Archivos de Cardiologia Mexico 2020; 90(Supl): 7-14.
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- Fauziansyah Moenardy, D. & Sinaga, O. (2021). West Java Trade Diplomacy in Increasing Exports of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in the Covid-19 Pandemic. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 11(6), 1-7.
- Firmalasari, B. K., & Rasyidah, R. (2020). The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Environment: Environmental Diplomacy on Handling Covid-19 Medical Waste in Indonesia. WIMAYA, 1(02), 19-30.
- Fotova Cikovic, K. (2021). Covid-19 Crisis Management System’s Response in Southeast European Economies: A CAS Framework. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, page 75-92. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.31410/EMAN.S.P.2021.75
- Gardasevic, D. (2021). “Business as unusual”: Pandemic concentration of executive powers in Croatia. Pravni zapisi, Vol. 12, No. 1, page 91-122. Retrieved from https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/2217-2815/2021/2217-28152101091G.pdf
- Hrcak (2022). Papers dealing with the topic COVID-19. Retrieved from https://hrcak.srce.hr/en/covid19
- Ibarra-Nava, I., Cardenas-de la Garza, J. A., Ruiz-Lozano, R. E., Salazar-Montalvo, R. G. (2020). Mexico and the COVID-19 Response, Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health. Retrieved from DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2020.260
- Iswardhana, M. R. (2020) “Indonesia's South-South and Triangular Cooperation (SSTC) as the Future of Diplomacy for World Solidarity to Overcome the COVID-19 Pandemic” Global South Review, 2(1), 25-35.
- Jose, H. S. (2021). Indonesia’s 2020 New Paradigm Of Collaborative Strategic Outlook In The South-South Cooperation (SSC) as The Bridge-Builder For The PostPandemic Development. Verity Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional, 12(24), 5-20.
- Kelam, I., Dilica, K. (2021). Impact of conspiracy theories on the public perception of COVID-19 pandemic and the vaccination program in the Republic of Croatia. Ethical issues of the Sars-CoV-2 outbreak in east- central Europe and beyond. Budapest, Hungary (public lecture). Retrieved from https://www.bib.irb.hr/1158327
- Kesetovic, Z., Toth, I. (2012). Crisis management problems (In the original: Problemi kriznog menadzementa). Velika Gorica: University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica
- Landman, T. (2008 [2003]). Teme i metode komparativne politike: Uvod, Zagreb: Fakultet politickih znanosti (In the original: Issues and Methods in Comparative Politics: Introduction, London and New York: Routledge)
- Lopez-Leon, S., Wegman-Ostrosky, T., Perelman, C., Sepulveda, R., Rebolledo, P. A., Cuapio, A., Villapol, S. (2021). More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Report 11, article number 16144. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95565-8
- Madu, L., & Kurniawati, E. (2021). Economic Diplomacy Strategies to Increase Indonesian Coffee Exports to Russia in Pandemic Times. RSF Conference Series: Business, Management and Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 4, 92-97.
- Martha, J. (2020). Pemanfaatan Diplomasi Publik oleh Indonesia dalam Krisis Covid19. Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional, 121-130.
- Mayer, I. S., van Daalen, C. E. & Bots, P. W. G. (2004). Perspectives on policy analyses: a framework for understanding and design. Int. J. Technology Policy and Management., 1-23. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249921167_Perspectives_on_Policy_Analysis_A_Framework_for_Understanding_and_Design/link/0f317530347cea2a31000000/download
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- Our World in Data (2022b). Data on COVID-19 (coronavirus) by Our World in Data. Retrieved from https://github.com/owid/covid-19-data/tree/master/public/data
- Pambudi, A. A. (2021). Strategi Diplomasi Ekonomi Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Dinamika Global, 6(01).
- Primorac, D. (2021). Self-isolation as a special security and legal measure to protect the population from infectious diseases in the context of coronavirus (COVID-19) - public law aspects (In orginal: Samoizolacija kao posebna sigurnosno-pravna mjera zastite pucanstva od zaraznih bolesti u kontekstu koronavirusa (COVID-19) – javnopravni aspekti). Croatian Academy of Legal Sciences Yearbook, Vol. XII, No. 1., page 367-384. Retrieved from https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/379097
- Purbantina, A. P., & Hapsari, R. D. (2020). Diplomasi Kesehatan di Era Pandemik Global: Analisa Bantuan Penanganan Covid-19 dari Negara Jepang dan Korea Selatan ke Indonesia. Global and Policy Journal of International Relations, 8(01).
- Sapulveda, J., Becerra, R., Bernal, D., Cano, A., Cardenas, E., de la Calle, L., Casillas, A. B., Fajardo, C. E. G., Flamand, L., Frenk, J., Giorguli, S., Kershenobich, D., Madero, M., Mora, M. E. M., Mohar, A., Petersen, F., Rubio, L., Sepúlveda, S., Suarez-Velez, J., Tapia, R. (2021). La repuesta de Mexico al covid-19: Estudio de caso, Institute for Global Health Science.
- Szmigiera, M. (2021). Impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the global economy - Statistics & Facts. Statista. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/topics/6139/covid-19-impact-on-the-global-economy/
- Margono T. V., Irawan N., Graciella J., Calista V.I. P., Setiawan H. K. (2021). Aktivitas Diplomasi Kesehatan Indonesia-Tiongkok di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Journal unpar. ac.id.
- Triwahyuni, D. (2022). Indonesia Digital Economic Diplomacy during the Covid-19 Global Pandemic. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research, 9(1), 75-83.
- United Nations (2021). The Consequences of COVID-19 on wellbeing. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/ldc5/sites/www.un.org.ldc5/files/pdf/stateLDC_2021/10_stateldc_2021_b.pdf
- UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2020). World Economic Situation and Prospects as of mid-2020. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/desa/covid-19-slash-global-economic-output-85-trillion-over-next-two-years
- Yin, R. K. (2007 [2003]). Studija slucaja: Dizajn i metode, Zagreb: Fakultet politickih znanosti (In the original: Case study research: Design and methods, London: Sage Publication)
- Yulianti, D, Meutia, I. F., Sujadmiko, B., Wahyudi (2020). Indonesia’ Crisis Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: From various level of Government and Network Actions to Policy. Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law, Issue 17/2020, pages 34-48. Retrieved from https://www.jopafl.com/uploads/issue17/INDONESIA_CRISIS_RESPONSE_TO_COVID19_PANDEMIC_FROM_VARIOUS_LEVEL_OF_GOVERNMENT_AND_NETWORK_ACTIONS_TO_POLICY.pdf
- World Health Organization (2022a). Introduction to COVID-19: Methods for detection, prevention, response and control. Retrieved from https://openwho.org/courses/introduction-to-ncov
- World Health Organization (2022b). COVID-19: Global literature on coronavirus disease. Retrieved from https://search.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/
- World Health Organization (2002c). Worldwide access to Indonesian national research on COVID-19: Indonesia’s scientific contribution to national, regional and global pandemic response. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/indonesia/
- World Health Organization (2020). Statement on the first meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news/item/23-01-2020-statement-on-the-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)
References
Adisasmito, W. et. al. (2019). Indonesia and global health diplomacy: A focus on capacity building. The Lancet Global Health, 7(2), 181-182.
Anshori, M. F. (2020). Diplomasi Digital Sebagai Dampak Pandemi Global Covid-19: Studi Kasus Diplomasi Indonesia Di Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa (Pbb). Mandala: Jurnal Ilmu Hubungan Internasional, 3(1), 100-119.
Bautista-Gonzalez, E., Werner-Sunderland, J., Perez-Duarte Mendiola, P. Esquinca-Enriquez-de-la-Fuente, C. J., Bautista-Reyes, D., Maciel-Gutierrez, M. F., Murguia-Arechiga, I., Vindrola-Padros, C., Urbina-Fuentes, M. (2021). Health-care guidelines and policies during the COVID-19 pandemic in Mexico: A case of health-inequalities, Health Policy OPEN, Vol 2. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hpopen.2020.100025
Barrientos-Gutierrez, T., Alpuche-Aranda, C., Lazcano-Ponce, E., Perez-Ferrer, C., Rivera-Dommarco, J. (2020). La salud publica en la primera ola: una agenda para la cooperacion ante Covid-19. Salud Publica Mex. 2020; 62: 598-606. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.21149/11606
Basedau, M., Kollner, P. (2007). Area Studies and Comparative Area Studies: A Primer on Recent Debates and Methodological Challenges, Japan aktuell, Journal of Current Japanese Affairs, Vol 15, 2/2017.
Burnham, P., Gilland, K., Grant, W., Layton-Henry, Z. (2006 [2004]). Metode istrazivanja politike, Zagreb: Fakultet politickih znanosti (In the original: Research Methods in Politics, New York: Palgrave Macmillan)
b92 (2022). Bill Gates warns: Prepare for worse. Retrieved from https://www.b92.net/eng/news/world.php?yyyy=2022&mm=01&dd=21&nav_id=112860
Collins, T. (2014). Health policy analysis: a simple tool for policy makers. Public Health, Journal of the Royal Institute of the Public Health, 119, 192–196. Retrieved from https://residency-scal-kaiserpermanente.org/healthpolicyelective/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2018/05/GW-Health-Policy-Analysis-Framework.pdf
CROSBI (2022). Browse by COVID-19 thematic. Retrieved from https://www.bib.irb.hr/pregled/COVID-19
Darmastuti, A. (2020). A Constructivist Institutionalism Perspective of Disaster and Crisis Countermeasure in Indonesia. Forum Geografi, 34(2). Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.23917/forgeo.v34i2.11888
Delanova, M. (2021). Health Diplomacy as an Instrument of Indonesian Foreign Policy. Journal Of Global Strategic Studies, 1(2), 78-91.
Economist (2022). The pandemic’s true death toll (11 March 2022). Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/graphic-detail/coronavirus-excess-deaths-estimates
Economist (2022). Omicron comes to Mexico, a place that never really shut down. Retrieved from https://www.economist.com/the-americas/2022/01/22/omicron-comes-to-mexico-a-place-that-never-really-shut-down
Escudero, X., Guarner, J., Galindo-Fraga, A., Escudero-Salamanca, M., Alcocer-Gamba, M. A., Del-Rio, C. (2020). La pandemia de Coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19): Situacion actual e implicaciones para Mexico / The SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) Coronavirus pandemic: current situation and implications for Mexico, Archivos de Cardiologia Mexico 2020; 90(Supl): 7-14.
European Training Foundation (2018). Guide to Policy Analysis. Retrieved from https://www.etf.europa.eu/sites/default/files/m/72B7424E26ADE1AFC12582520051E25E_Guide%20to%20policy%20analysis.pdf
Faedlulloh, D., Meutia, I. F., Yulianti, D., Karmilasari, V. (2021). Digital Mutual Cooperation: A New Practice Of Citizens Solidarity in The Pandemic Era. Jantra, Vol. 16, No. 1, Juni 2021, pages 1-14. Retrieved from https://jantra.kemdikbud.go.id/index.php/jantra/article/view/118/74
Fauziansyah Moenardy, D. & Sinaga, O. (2021). West Java Trade Diplomacy in Increasing Exports of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in the Covid-19 Pandemic. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 11(6), 1-7.
Firmalasari, B. K., & Rasyidah, R. (2020). The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on the Environment: Environmental Diplomacy on Handling Covid-19 Medical Waste in Indonesia. WIMAYA, 1(02), 19-30.
Fotova Cikovic, K. (2021). Covid-19 Crisis Management System’s Response in Southeast European Economies: A CAS Framework. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans, page 75-92. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.31410/EMAN.S.P.2021.75
Gardasevic, D. (2021). “Business as unusual”: Pandemic concentration of executive powers in Croatia. Pravni zapisi, Vol. 12, No. 1, page 91-122. Retrieved from https://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/2217-2815/2021/2217-28152101091G.pdf
Hrcak (2022). Papers dealing with the topic COVID-19. Retrieved from https://hrcak.srce.hr/en/covid19
Ibarra-Nava, I., Cardenas-de la Garza, J. A., Ruiz-Lozano, R. E., Salazar-Montalvo, R. G. (2020). Mexico and the COVID-19 Response, Society for Disaster Medicine and Public Health. Retrieved from DOI: 10.1017/dmp.2020.260
Iswardhana, M. R. (2020) “Indonesia's South-South and Triangular Cooperation (SSTC) as the Future of Diplomacy for World Solidarity to Overcome the COVID-19 Pandemic” Global South Review, 2(1), 25-35.
Jose, H. S. (2021). Indonesia’s 2020 New Paradigm Of Collaborative Strategic Outlook In The South-South Cooperation (SSC) as The Bridge-Builder For The PostPandemic Development. Verity Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional, 12(24), 5-20.
Kelam, I., Dilica, K. (2021). Impact of conspiracy theories on the public perception of COVID-19 pandemic and the vaccination program in the Republic of Croatia. Ethical issues of the Sars-CoV-2 outbreak in east- central Europe and beyond. Budapest, Hungary (public lecture). Retrieved from https://www.bib.irb.hr/1158327
Kesetovic, Z., Toth, I. (2012). Crisis management problems (In the original: Problemi kriznog menadzementa). Velika Gorica: University of Applied Sciences Velika Gorica
Landman, T. (2008 [2003]). Teme i metode komparativne politike: Uvod, Zagreb: Fakultet politickih znanosti (In the original: Issues and Methods in Comparative Politics: Introduction, London and New York: Routledge)
Lopez-Leon, S., Wegman-Ostrosky, T., Perelman, C., Sepulveda, R., Rebolledo, P. A., Cuapio, A., Villapol, S. (2021). More than 50 long-term effects of COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Scientific Report 11, article number 16144. Retrieved from https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-95565-8
Madu, L., & Kurniawati, E. (2021). Economic Diplomacy Strategies to Increase Indonesian Coffee Exports to Russia in Pandemic Times. RSF Conference Series: Business, Management and Social Sciences, Vol. 1, No. 4, 92-97.
Martha, J. (2020). Pemanfaatan Diplomasi Publik oleh Indonesia dalam Krisis Covid19. Jurnal Ilmiah Hubungan Internasional, 121-130.
Mayer, I. S., van Daalen, C. E. & Bots, P. W. G. (2004). Perspectives on policy analyses: a framework for understanding and design. Int. J. Technology Policy and Management., 1-23. Retrieved from https://www.researchgate.net/publication/249921167_Perspectives_on_Policy_Analysis_A_Framework_for_Understanding_and_Design/link/0f317530347cea2a31000000/download
OECD (2020). Launch of the Study: “The Heavy Burden of Obesity: The Economics of Prevention”. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/about/secretary-general/heavy-burden-of-obesity-mexico-january-2020.htm
Our World in Data (2022a). Coronavirus (COVID-19) Deaths. Retrieved from https://ourworldindata.org/covid-deaths
Our World in Data (2022b). Data on COVID-19 (coronavirus) by Our World in Data. Retrieved from https://github.com/owid/covid-19-data/tree/master/public/data
Pambudi, A. A. (2021). Strategi Diplomasi Ekonomi Indonesia Dalam Menghadapi Pandemi Covid-19. Jurnal Dinamika Global, 6(01).
Primorac, D. (2021). Self-isolation as a special security and legal measure to protect the population from infectious diseases in the context of coronavirus (COVID-19) - public law aspects (In orginal: Samoizolacija kao posebna sigurnosno-pravna mjera zastite pucanstva od zaraznih bolesti u kontekstu koronavirusa (COVID-19) – javnopravni aspekti). Croatian Academy of Legal Sciences Yearbook, Vol. XII, No. 1., page 367-384. Retrieved from https://hrcak.srce.hr/file/379097
Purbantina, A. P., & Hapsari, R. D. (2020). Diplomasi Kesehatan di Era Pandemik Global: Analisa Bantuan Penanganan Covid-19 dari Negara Jepang dan Korea Selatan ke Indonesia. Global and Policy Journal of International Relations, 8(01).
Sapulveda, J., Becerra, R., Bernal, D., Cano, A., Cardenas, E., de la Calle, L., Casillas, A. B., Fajardo, C. E. G., Flamand, L., Frenk, J., Giorguli, S., Kershenobich, D., Madero, M., Mora, M. E. M., Mohar, A., Petersen, F., Rubio, L., Sepúlveda, S., Suarez-Velez, J., Tapia, R. (2021). La repuesta de Mexico al covid-19: Estudio de caso, Institute for Global Health Science.
Szmigiera, M. (2021). Impact of the coronavirus pandemic on the global economy - Statistics & Facts. Statista. Retrieved from https://www.statista.com/topics/6139/covid-19-impact-on-the-global-economy/
Margono T. V., Irawan N., Graciella J., Calista V.I. P., Setiawan H. K. (2021). Aktivitas Diplomasi Kesehatan Indonesia-Tiongkok di Masa Pandemi COVID-19. Journal unpar. ac.id.
Triwahyuni, D. (2022). Indonesia Digital Economic Diplomacy during the Covid-19 Global Pandemic. Journal of Eastern European and Central Asian Research, 9(1), 75-83.
United Nations (2021). The Consequences of COVID-19 on wellbeing. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/ldc5/sites/www.un.org.ldc5/files/pdf/stateLDC_2021/10_stateldc_2021_b.pdf
UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs (2020). World Economic Situation and Prospects as of mid-2020. Retrieved from https://www.un.org/en/desa/covid-19-slash-global-economic-output-85-trillion-over-next-two-years
Yin, R. K. (2007 [2003]). Studija slucaja: Dizajn i metode, Zagreb: Fakultet politickih znanosti (In the original: Case study research: Design and methods, London: Sage Publication)
Yulianti, D, Meutia, I. F., Sujadmiko, B., Wahyudi (2020). Indonesia’ Crisis Response to COVID-19 Pandemic: From various level of Government and Network Actions to Policy. Journal of Public Administration, Finance and Law, Issue 17/2020, pages 34-48. Retrieved from https://www.jopafl.com/uploads/issue17/INDONESIA_CRISIS_RESPONSE_TO_COVID19_PANDEMIC_FROM_VARIOUS_LEVEL_OF_GOVERNMENT_AND_NETWORK_ACTIONS_TO_POLICY.pdf
World Health Organization (2022a). Introduction to COVID-19: Methods for detection, prevention, response and control. Retrieved from https://openwho.org/courses/introduction-to-ncov
World Health Organization (2022b). COVID-19: Global literature on coronavirus disease. Retrieved from https://search.bvsalud.org/global-literature-on-novel-coronavirus-2019-ncov/
World Health Organization (2002c). Worldwide access to Indonesian national research on COVID-19: Indonesia’s scientific contribution to national, regional and global pandemic response. Retrieved from https://www.who.int/indonesia/
World Health Organization (2020). Statement on the first meeting of the International Health Regulations (2005) Emergency Committee regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV). Retrieved from https://www.who.int/news/item/23-01-2020-statement-on-the-meeting-of-the-international-health-regulations-(2005)-emergency-committee-regarding-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov)