Article Sidebar

Download
PDF
Statistic
Read Counter : 228 Download : 196

Main Article Content

Abstract

Bogor Message is constituting the transnationalism of Islam and reviving the importance of diplomacy based on religious consultation or even multilateralism, that concluded by prominent Islamic scholars (ulama) in the world through High-Level Constitution of World Muslim Scholars in 2018. Thus, Bogor Message is considered a form of ijma’ ulama (consensus among Islamic scholars) which will be useful for Muslim ummah (Islamic society) as a common ground depicting universal norm in regulating the attitude toward international relations (IR). Wasatiyyat Islam summed up in the Bogor Message, is the embodiment of Islamic tradition in the multi-track diplomacy where interactions between state-actors and non-state actors and utilization of tracks in diplomacy resulted in an understanding to solve ummah fundamental problems in Islamicate world through the normative religious approach. The Bogor Message is rendezvous point and unified the differences of Wasatiyyat Islam conception aimed to unite ummah in the framework of transnational Islam, taken from Al-Qur’an and Sunnah. This research article examines the principle of Wasatiyyat Islam inside Bogor Message and its functionality as soft power by using diplomacy theories. The lack of concern from ummah in other countries due to the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic hampered the progress of Wasatiyyat Islam dissemination and remained exclusive for certain bastions of ‘moderate Islam’ countries. Though the potencies for developing and globalizing Wasatiyyat Islam could gain momentum in the post-COVID-19 world.

Keywords

Bogor Message Diplomacy Reform Transnational Islam Ummah Unity Wasatiyyat Islam

Article Details

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Author Biography

Jelang Ramadhan, Bursa Uludag University

Social Sciences Institute

References

  1. Abdullah, D. (2014, December). Musyawarah dalam Al-Qur’an. Al-Daulah, 3(2), 245.
  2. Adiong, Nassef M. (Ed.). (2013). International Relations and Islam: Diverse Perspectives. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing.
  3. Al-Ba’labaki, R. (2003). Al-Mawrid Qamus ‘Arabiy-Inkliziy. Beirut: Dar al-Ilm lial-Malayiin.
  4. Al-Qaradawi, Y. (2017). Fiqh Muwatonah: Negara dan Kewarganegaraan di bawah Suluhan Usul Aqidah dan Maqasid Syariah. In M. A. bin Alias (trans.). Selangor: Ahlamuna Publication.
  5. Az-Zuhaili, M. (2005). Moderat dalam Islam. In A. Y. Naidi (trans.). Jakarta: Akbar.
  6. Bakir, M. & Othman, K. (2017). Wasatiyyah (Islamic Moderation): A Conceptual Analysis from Islamic Knowledge Management Perspective. Journal of Islamic Thought and Civilization, 7(1), 13-27.
  7. Barkin, S. (2008). “ ‘Qualitative’ Methods?”. In Audie Klotz & Deepa Prakash (Eds.), Qualitative Methods in International Relations: A Pluralist Guide (pp. 211-220). New York: Palgrave Macmillan.
  8. Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). Social Science Research: Principles, Methods, and Practices. Florida: University of South Florida Press.
  9. Charity Aid Foundation. (2021). World Giving Index 2021: A Global Pandemic Special Report. Retrieved from https://www.cafonline.org/docs/default-source/about-us-research/cafworldgivingindex2021_report_web2_100621.pdf
  10. Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative and Mixed Methods Approaches. California: SAGE Publication.
  11. Dar, A., & Sayeed, J. (2017). Diplomacy in Islam. Asian Journal of Science and Technology, 8(9), 5616-5618.
  12. Dar Al-Ifta Al-Missriyyah. (2019). Reform (Islah) and Renewal (Tajdid) in Islamic Thought. Retrieved from http://www.dar-alifta.org/Foreign/ViewArticle.aspx?ID=1870&CategoryID=3
  13. Goodwin, C. J. (2010). Research in Psychology: Methods and Design. New Jersey: Wiley
  14. Griffiths, M., O'Callaghan, T. & Roach, S. C. (2008). International Relations: Key Concepts. London: Routledge.
  15. Hoesterey, J. B. (2020). Islamic Soft Power in the Age of Trump: Public Diplomacy and Indonesian Mosque Communities in America. Islam and Christian-Muslim Relations, DOI: 10.1080/09596410.2020.1773617
  16. Iqbal, A. (2000). Diplomasi Islam. In S. Rahman (trans.). Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Kautsar.
  17. Jasmi, K. A. (2016). Ensiklopedia Pendidikan Islam. Johor: AIES.
  18. Kamali, M. H. (2015). The Middle Path of Moderation in Islam: The Qur’anic Principle of Wasatiyyah. New York: Oxford University Press.
  19. Keohane, R. O. & Nye Jr., J. S. (1970). Transnational Relations and World Politics. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
  20. McDonald, J. W. (2012). The Institute of Multi-Track Diplomacy. Journal of Conflictology, 3(2), 66-70.
  21. Nashir, H. (2016). Muhammadiyah: Gerakan Pembaruan, Yogyakarta: Suara Muhammadiyah.
  22. Praja, J. S. (2003). Islam, Globalization and Counter Terrorism. Jakarta: AMINEF.
  23. Qureshi, A. H. & Ajmal, H. M. (2019). Toward Establishing Global Peace in the 21st Century, An Analysis of Holy Prophet’s (PBUH) preaching and Practices. Rahat-ul-Quloob, 3(2), 13-20.
  24. Ramadhan, B. (2018, May 4). Din: Dari Bogor Kita Gelindingkan Islam Wasathiyah ke Dunia. Republika. Retrieved from https://www.republika.co.id/berita/p87ngy330/din-dari-bogor-kita-gelindingkan-islam-wasathiyah-ke-dunia
  25. Ramadhan, J. & Syauqillah, M. (2018). An Order to Build the Resilience in the Muslim World Againsts Islamophobia: The Advantage of Bogor Message in Diplomacy World & Islamic Studies. Jurnal Middle East and Islamic Studies, 5(2), 144-165.
  26. Rana, Kishan S. (2011). 21st Century Diplomacy: A Practitioner’s Guide. London: Continuum.
  27. Sardar, Z., Serra, J. & Jordan, S. (2019). Muslim Societies in Postnormal Times: Foresight for Trends, Emerging Issues and Scenarios. Washington: International Institute of Islamic Thought.
  28. Sayyid, S. (2015). A Fundamental Fear: Eurocentrism and the Emergence of Islamism. London: Zed Books.
  29. Sharp, P. (2009). Diplomatic Theory of International Relations. New York: Cambridge University Press.
  30. Syifa (2021, March 3). Tujuh Aspek Islam Wasathiyah. Muhammadiyah. Retrieved from https://muhammadiyah.or.id/tujuh-aspek-islam-wasathiyah/
  31. Yousefvand, M. (2012). Diplomatic Negotiations from Islamic Point of View. Journal of Basic and Applied Scientific Research, 2(1), 309-317.